FAKTOR –FAKTOR RISIKO YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KEJADIAN HIV dan AIDS DI SEMARANG DAN SEKITARNYA

Abstract

Background : HIV/AIDS is a global problem, it is essential immediately overcame and have
high mortality. AIDS caused by HIV virus. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS cases in Indonesia
has increased as well in Semarang. The data in Semarang shows the cumulative number ever
in the caring of HIV/AIDS in July 2009 was 607 cases, 478 cases had ART treatment. People
living with HIV who had reinforced until July 2009 was 281 cases. The amount of virus in
agent determining transmission, while the infection depends on the disease stages. The
disease is not a cure, the vaccine is not yet available.
Objectives: Getting information of risk faktors that affect the incidence of HIV/AIDS and its
development in the Semarang area.
Method: Type of analytical observational research, Case Control method. The case was all
patients with all age groups who have been diagnosed had HIV/AIDS in Dr. Kariadi General
Hospital especially taking medication regularly both in outpatient or inpatient. The control
was blood donors from the Red Cross Branch Semarang. Number of samples was 76 as cases
and 76 as controls. The samples tested qualitatively.
Results: Risk faktors affecting the incidence of HIV/AIDS: History of disease (STD) OR:
2,676 (95% CI 1,252-5,720, p value 0.01). The history of disease in family who had
HIV/AIDS OR: 2,592 (95% CI 1,078-6,233, p: 0.033). Level of education OR: 4,709 (95%
CI 1,078-10,474 p: 0.001). Status of injecting drug use/IDU OR: 4,515 (95% CI 1,940-10,507
p: 0.001).. While that does not affected was history of previous disease (there are sexually
transmitted diseases, organ transplants), gender, level of knowledge, socio-economic
condition and BMI, blood donor status, The status have received a blood transfusion, initial
sex status, demographical residential/domicile. have the cultural background of more than
one partner.
Conclusion: The risk faktors that proved to affected to incidence of HIV/AIDS including:
STD, family history of disease in had HIV/AIDS, education level, status of injecting drug
use/IDU, the status had received blood transfusions, embracing the cultural background of
more than one partner, the behaviors that have risk of HIV/AIDS transmission is potentially
occurred.
Suggestion: It is recommended to be re-screened for the potential risk of HIV and AIDS
incidence because basically awareness for those at risk still need special attention. Handling
of HIV and AIDS at the level of basic services should be noted that this case does not become
an epidemic.