PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION IN THE AI ERA Analysis of Indonesia's Cyber Law Regulation and Global Challenges

Abstract

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has brought significant transformations in various aspects of life, including in the management and utilization of personal data. On the one hand, AI offers efficiency, innovation, and ease of access to information; But on the other hand, the massive use of data poses serious risks to cybersecurity and individual privacy. This article aims to analyze the cyber law regulations in Indonesia related to personal data protection, as well as compare them with international standards that have developed, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union. A qualitative approach is used by examining legal documents, academic literature, and applicable regulatory practices. The analysis shows that Indonesia through the Personal Data Protection Law (PDP Law) has taken important steps in strengthening the legal framework, although there are still challenges in terms of implementation, law enforcement, and harmonization with global regulations. A comparison with the GDPR shows that there are gaps in terms of cross-border monitoring, sanctions, and protection mechanisms. This article emphasizes the urgency of legal harmonization and institutional capacity building so that personal data protection in the AI era can run effectively. Thus, this research contributes to academic discourse and public policy regarding the importance of cyber law regulation that is adaptive, responsive, and in line with global dynamics.